HOME SCIENCE VVI SUBJECTIVE QUESTION ANSWER 2023 CLASS 12TH,
Que.1. Human Resource
Ans.Human resources are inherent qualities within a person.
* Interests, time, power, knowledge, skill attitudes etc. of family members are the main human resources.
* Every person has limited mental and intellectual abilities. But it can be increased by continuous practice and knowledge growth.
Human resource is both innate and acquired.
Que.2. Interior Decoration
Ans. The art of decorating the house is called home decoration or interior decoration. To make each and every thing in the house beautiful and convenient so that it can attract the beholder towards itself, attracting and maintaining functionality is also home decor. In other words, the purpose of decoration is not only to give beauty to the house, but to give an orderly appearance to the messy things inside the house in such a way that it shows unity as well as a sense of rhythm, proportion, balance and equality. Ho.
Que.3. Fermenting
Ans. It is the process in which certain microorganisms are added to food. In this way, through the process of fermenting, the nutritional elements change and new nutrients are added. It makes curd, khaman, dhokla, idli, dosa etc.
Que. 4. Life Saving Solution
Ans. Life saving solution – Oral dehydration salt solution is called life saving solution. Dehydration occurs when there is a lack of water in the body due to cholera or diarrhea or vomiting. Due to which excess water has to be offered to the body. In its absence, the patient may even die. Therefore, to increase the amount of water in the body, first of all life saving solution which is prepared by mixing oral dehydration salt solution with water. Also given to children or adults. By the way, the solution formed by mixing salt and sugar in water is called life saving solution.
Que.5. Polluted Water
Ans. Various sources of water like lakes, ponds, rivers, wells and rain water get contaminated by humans and animals. Waste-waste, throwing dead animals in water, excretion near water sources, bathing animals in ponds, etc. are helpful in contaminating water. Through these activities, microorganisms pollute the water and this water is no longer potable.
Que.6. What is cognitive development?
Ans. Cognitive development refers to the development of those mental processes of the child as a result of which he acquires knowledge about himself and his surroundings. He gains knowledge about his surroundings. He solves his problems himself.
Que.7. Write about Anganwadi.
Ans. Anganwadi institutions have been established by the government. It takes care of the child in rural area. Anganwadi worker educates mothers about common ailments and normal growth of children. In this, all children of 0-6 years are vaccinated against diphtheria, whooping cough, tetanus, polio, TB and measles. In this, nutrition is given to poor children, mothers and pregnant women.
Que.8. Objectives of Nursery School/Balbari
Ans.The following are the objectives of Nursery School/Balbari
(i) Children of 3-5 years of age are sent to kindergarten.
(ii) To help children recognize different shapes and colors through play,
Paintings, songs tell stories.
(iii) It increases the ability of the child to listen, remember and understand.
Que.9. development milestones.
Ans. Development milestones act as punctuation marks in the growth and development of the child. Milestones in physical development progress from head to toe. Therefore, the child first learns to control his head, then the body learns to control the arms and legs. This milestone provides a guide for parents to voice their medical opinion.
Que.10. Day Care Center / Day Care Center
Ans. Some voluntary organizations provide day care centers for the age group of 0-5 years. These care centers also provide child care, additional immunosuppressive vaccines, supplemental nutrition, entertainment, and medical and diagnostic facilities. These care centers are considered an alternative to the parents of the children.
Que.11. Write a short note on hepatitis B vaccine.
Ans. Hepatitis B vaccine provides protection against the virus that causes jaundice by affecting the liver. The virus is spread through contaminated syringes, shaving razors and blood transfusions. Since the virus is found in other biological substances, such as blood, urine, breast, milk etc. It can also occur by oral route or internal infection. This is a serious disease. The first dose can be given at birth, the second after 1-2 months and the third 6-8 months after the first dose.
Que.12. What do you understand by CARE?
Ans. CARE (CARE) CARE was established for the prevention of malnutrition in 1946 AD, which started sending midday meals to primary schools of India in 1951 AD. It also provides milk, soybeans and nutritious food to maternal and child health centres. It distributes wheat, dry milk, butter, cheese and soybean oil. It organizes seminars, workshops, etc. at the provincial level. Applied Nutrition Program is a commendable program of CARE.
Que.13. Diarrhea
Ans. Diarrhoea- When the child is unable to digest milk, then there is pain in his stomach and diarrhea starts. At the same time, his stomach becomes bloated with pain. There is also cramps in the stomach and legs. He repeatedly bends the legs towards the stomach. Which is called diarrhea. It is caused by not cleaning the feeding bottles or nipples properly and by disturbances or changes in the mother’s diet (more chili and spicy food).
Que.14. What do you understand by World Health Organization (WHO)?
Ans. World Health Organization (WHO – World Health Organization was established in 1948 for the prevention of malnutrition, of which 148 countries are members. Through this, India has been assisted for 220 health schemes. New departments in twenty medical colleges. 20 visiting professors have been sent to open.It has provided more than 1300 stipends to public health workers.
Que.15. What are infectious diseases called? Write the reason for its spread.
Ans. Infectious diseases Such diseases – which are passed from one patient to another.
called infectious diseases. They are caused by microscopic microbes and spread rapidly. Infectious diseases spread through the following mediums
(i) by air, (ii) by water, (iii) by food, (iv) by contact, (v) by insects
and (vi) by other sources.
Que.16. What do you understand by disinfectant?
Ans. Disinfectant: Substances are called disinfectants, which are harmful to the bacteria of diseases.
And are used to destroy its poison. Such substances have the power to destroy the group of bacteria, such as phenyl, formalin, carbolic acid, mercury vatanchloride, cresol, bleaching powder, fresh lime etc.
Que.17. What are the four characteristics of a good catch?
Ans. Following are the four characteristics of a good catch.
(i) It provides milk and food to the children at fixed time and temperature.
We do.
(ii) It teaches children how to eat while sitting at the table.
(iii) They provide cots to each of the young children.
(iv) It provides clean and safe environment to the children.
Que.18. Pregnant Mother
Ans. When the child remains in the womb of the woman, it is called pregnant mother. At this time it needs special care, nutrition, rest, light exercise and medical care. This requires an additional 300 calories as compared to the normal state.
Que.19. Immunity
Ans. Nature has given a person the natural ability to fight against diseases, which is called immunity. These are of two types.
(i) Natural Immunization- Under this, white blood cells like eta toxin are produced which protect against infection. Mother’s milk is immune from the skin, nasal hairs and mucous membranes of the organs.
(ii) Artificial Immunization- Artificial immunization is done by vaccination.
Que.20. Appropriation
Ans. That part of the income which is invested every month or every year in a systematic plan and from which we get income is called appropriation. There are many means of money appropriation, which a person should be aware of so that he can make proper allocation of his savings.
Que.21. What are the aspects of postpartum care?
Ans.The following are the aspects of postpartum care
postpartum maternal care
(1) It is necessary to give balanced diet to the pregnant woman after delivery.
goes. Maternity food should be hot, liquid, strong, digestible.
(2) After the birth and sleep, there is a change in the organs related to her pregnancy. It takes a long time for him to come to his natural state. Therefore it is necessary to rest. The mother gets good sleep after labor pain and fatigue.
(3) Sanitary pads should be applied on the genitals of the pregnant woman after cleaning and bathing. After oil massage, the mother should wipe her body by soaking a towel in warm water.
(4) Exercise After delivery, the body of the obstetrician becomes unformed. before him
Light exercise should be done to get in position.
postpartum newborn care
(1) Breastfeeding – Mother’s milk protects children from many diseases, so breast-feeding should be done after the birth of the child.
(2) A sleep-healthy child sleeps for 18-22 hours. He wakes up only by feeling hungry and passing stools and urine.
(3) Cleaning of organs – While giving the first bath to the child, it is necessary to pay attention to the cleanliness of his various organs. such as nose, eyes, ears,
Throat cleaning etc.
(4) Vaccination- B.C.G. after a few hours of child birth. Should be vaccinated.
Que. 22. What do you understand by environmental pollution? Describe its types.
Ans.Environmental pollution means the things that are contaminated in our environment.
Together, it spoils or poisons our environment, it is called environmental pollution.
There are mainly four types of environmental pollution. In which water pollution, air pollution, soil pollution, noise pollution.
Air Pollution- The mixing of such other substances in the air or mixing of such chemical things or any kind of dusty soil is called air pollution. Due to air pollution, any children, young people, women all inhale carbon monoxide gas, due to which we become victims of many diseases and can even die.
Water Pollution – When any dirty thing or dirty material gets dissolved in our water, then we call it water pollution. Water pollution can cause many diseases in our body.
Soil Pollution- If we bury any blown waste, excreta, insecticide, leather, in the pit, then our soil (soil) gets polluted. Which we call soil pollution. Noise Pollution Any high-pitched sound that affects the ear and brain of a person
Noise pollution is called. Like playing DJ with a loud voice, loudspeaker continuously
playing etc.
Que.23. What is Tuberculosis or Tuberculosis or TB? Explain its causes, symptoms and treatment.
Ans. Tuberculosis is spread by air. The disease is spread by the microscopic bacterium Bacterium tuberculosis bacillus. Tuberculosis can occur in many parts of the body. Like lungs, intestines, glands, bones (spine) and brain etc.
cause of disease
(i) The disease spreads through the feces, mucus and cough of the patient.
(ii) If the parents have tuberculosis, then there is a possibility of this disease in the children.
(iii) This disease can be caused by drinking milk of cow, buffalo.
symptoms of disease
(i) Loss of appetite, tiredness and weakness.
(ii) Loss of weight and visible bones.
(iii) Pain in chest and throat, cough and blood in mucus.
(iv) Shortness of breath and low heart rate.
Treatment and prevention-
(i) The patient should be kept separate from other people.
(ii) The immersion of the patient should be burnt.
(iii) Babies should be given BCG within a week after birth.
Give a comment
(iv) Streptomycin vaccine to the patient for 24 months on the advice of the doctor
Should be put .
Que.24. What are the benefits of keeping children in a crche?
Ans. The institution where the child is given proper care is a crche (baby
house) is called. Following are the facilities available by Shishu Sadan
(i) It provides milk and food to the child at a specified time and temperature.
does.
(ii) In this, toys are provided to the children which are pleasing to the children.
Helps to socialize in the environment.
(iii) It provides clean and safe environment to the child.
(iv) It provides medicine and first aid to children.
(v) The young child is fed by its staff.
(vi) It provides cots to each small child.
(vii) In this, young children enjoy playing by having toys.
(viii) It teaches children how to eat while sitting at the table.